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Chaland de transport de matériel

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A maritime container vehicle on board a CTM
Class overview
Operators
Completed31
Active5 remaining with the French Navy as of 2023;[1] others with other navies
Retired11+
General characteristics
TypeLanding craft
Displacement150 tonnes (150 long tons) (max)
Length23.8 m (78 ft 1 in)
Beam6.35 m (20 ft 10 in)
Draught1.25 m (4 ft 1 in)
Propulsion
  • 2 × Poyaud-Wärtsilä 18V8M1 diesel engines, 331 kilowatts (444 hp)
  • 2 propellers
Speed9.5 knots (17.6 km/h; 10.9 mph)
Range380 nmi (700 km; 440 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph)
Capacity90 t (89 long tons; 99 short tons)
Troops200
Complement4
Armament2 × 12.7 mm (0.50 in) machine guns

The Chaland de transport de matériel (CTM) is a French landing craft class, also operated by the navies of Chile, Djibouti, Ivory Coast, Morocco and Senegal. The design is based on the American LCM-8-class landing craft and were initially ordered to support France's nuclear testing in the Pacific. Constructed in two batches, the first batch of 16 vessels have been removed from French service with some transferred to other navies, the others being discarded. The second batch consisting of 17 vessels is split, with some being transferred to other nations and some remaining in service with the French Navy. The remaining vessels in French service are being replaced with a new landing craft design. As of January 2023, it was reported that only five of the landing craft remained in French Navy service.[2]

Description

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The CTMs are landing craft that are derived from the American LCM-8 class.[3] They measure 23.8 metres (78 ft 1 in) long with a beam of 6.35 metres (20 ft 10 in) and a draught of 1.25 metres (4 ft 1 in).[4][5] Each ship has a bow ramp.[5] They have a standard displacement between 48 and 56 tonnes (47 and 55 long tons) and fully loaded displacement of 150 tonnes (150 long tons).[4][6] The vessels are propelled by two propellers that were initially driven by two Poyaud 520 V8 diesel engines capable of creating 330 kilowatts (440 hp).[5][6][a] They were later exchanged for Poyaud-Wärtsilä 18V8M1 diesels creating 340 kW (450 bhp).[4] This gave the CTMs a maximum speed of 9.5 knots (17.6 km/h; 10.9 mph). The ships carry 3.4 tonnes (3.3 long tons) of fuel and have a range of 380 nautical miles (700 km; 440 mi) at 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph).[4][5] The landing craft have capacity for 90 tonnes (89 long tons) of cargo and room for 200 personnel.[5] They are equipped with a small navigational radar and two 12.7-millimetre (0.50 in) machine guns. The machine guns are often not mounted.[4][5] The vessels had an initial complement of 6,[6] declining to 4.[4]

Construction and career

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The CTMs were constructed in two batches. The first three ships of the first batch were ordered on 18 July 1964. Further orders were placed in 1965 and 1966. The first batch consisting of CTM 1 to CTM 16, was constructed in the 1960s to support nuclear testing in the Pacific. A second series was ordered in 1982 to replace the older, worn out units.[3] Six units were operated by the French Army, but were returned to the navy in 2010.[4][5] Several vessels have since been transferred to navies around the world, including Morocco, Senegal, Ivory Coast, Chile and Brazil while others have been cannibalised for spare parts.[4]

Ships in class

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Chaland de transport de matériel construction data[3][4][5]
Number Name Builder In service Fate
CTM 1 CMN, Cherbourg, France 1965 Disarmed 31 March 1982 and sold for scrap in 1985.[7]
CTM 2 1965 Stricken in 1999 and transferred to Morocco in May 1999.[b]
CTM 3 1965 Disarmed in 2004 and sold for scrap in 2012.[9]
CTM 4 C.N. Auroux, Arcachon, France 1966 Removed from service on 21 April 1986 and sunk as a target ship off Papeete in 2001.[10]
CTM 5 1966 Placed in reserve in 1998.[11] Stricken in 1999 and transferred to Senegal in May 1999.[4][c]
CTM 6 CMN, Cherbourg, France 1966 Sunk as a target ship on 20 October 1988 off Papeete.[12]
CTM 7 1966 Stricken on 6 September 1985 after being sunk as a target ship on 19 August 1985.[13]
CTM 8 1967 Stricken 6 September 1985.[14]
CTM 9 Mayumba 1967 Stricken 1999.[4][d]
CTM 10 Guéréro 1967 Stricken 1999.[4][e]
CTM 11 C.N. Auroux, Arcachon, France 1967 Stricken 4 August 1983 and sunk as a target ship off Papeete in 1984.[17]
CTM 12 CMN, Cherbourg, France 1967 Cannibalised for spare parts.[4] Stricken 24 February 2000 and sold in 2001 to private interests.[18]
CTM 13 1967 Stricken 11 April 1995, the vessel sank after being towed out to sea and scuttled.[19]
CTM 14 Tchibana 1967 Taken out of service in 1999 and transferred to the Djiboutian Navy.[20]
CTM 15 Koutio 1972 Stricken 1999 and transferred to the Ivory Coast in March 1999.[4] The vessel was renamed Aby.[21]
CTM 16 1972 Cannibalised for spare parts.[4] Stricken 1999 and transferred to the Ivory Coast in March 1999. The vessel was renamed Tiagha.[22]
CTM 17 C.N. Auroux, Arcachon, France 1982 Status unclear as of 2023[4]
CTM 18 1982 Status unclear as of 2023[4]
CTM 19 Do Ha CMN, Cherbourg, France 1983 Transferred to Chile in 2011.[23] Renamed Fuentes[24] or Reyes[25]
CTM 20 Néké Grav 1983 Status unclear as of 2023[4]
CTM 21 Guéréro 1983 Status unclear as of 2023[4]
CTM 22 Kien An 1982 Status unclear as of 2023[4]
CTM 23 Song Can 1983 Status unclear as of 2023[4]
CTM 24 1984 Transferred to Chile in 2011.[23] Renamed Fuentes[24] or Reyes[25]
CTM 25 1984 Status unclear as of 2023[4]
CTM 26 1985 Status unclear as of 2023[4]
CTM 27 Indochine 1986 Status unclear as of 2023[4]
CTM 28 Tonkin 1988 Status unclear as of 2023[4]
CTM 29 Nui Dho 1988 Status unclear as of 2023[4]
CTM 30 Tchibana 1989 Status unclear as of 2023[4]
CTM 31 Koutio 1992 Status unclear as of 2023[4]

Replacement

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A new landing craft was developed by STX France and DCNS, called the CTM NG, with the CTM referring to this class and the NG meaning "Nouvelle Génération". These vessels represent an improved design over the Chaland de transport de matériel.[26][27]

The remaining CTMs are being gradually replaced from 2021 by fourteen new Engins de débarquement amphibie standard (standard amphibious landing craft) – EDA-S – built by SOCARENAM over a period of ten years. With a slightly larger size, they will be deployed from the Mistral class and overseas bases.[28][29] French forces deployed in overseas bases in Mayotte, New Caledonia, Martinique and French Guiana are to receive one vessel each in order to support local operations. Two vessels are also planned to be deployed for operations around Djibouti. The vessels have a payload capacity of 65 to 80 tonnes at a maximum speed of 11 knots (20 km/h; 13 mph) (at full load). The first two EDA-S vessels (Arbalète and Arquebuse) were delivered to the navy in November 2021[30][31] and entered service in July 2022. The next four in the program are intended for the naval base at Toulon and are to start delivery in mid-2023.[32] Deliveries will continue up to 2025.[33]

Notes

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  1. ^ Saunders has them named as Poyaud V8520NS diesel engines.[5]
  2. ^ Netmarine and Wertheim disagree on the dates of service. Netmarine has the vessel disarmed 10 January 1990 and transferred to Senegal on 1 October 1999 after being initially designated for Morocco.[3][8]
  3. ^ Netmarine and Wertheim disagree on the dates of service. Netmarine has the vessel disarmed on 1 August 2000 and transferred to Morocco after being initially designated for Senegal.[11]
  4. ^ Netmarine and Wertheim disagree on the dates of service. Netmarine has the vessel stricken on 18 April 2000 and sunk as a target ship in the Mediterranean Sea on 24 May 2001.[15]
  5. ^ Netmarine and Wertheim disagree on the dates of service. Netmarine has the vessel stricken on 18 November 1997 and sunk as a target ship on 5 May 2001 in the Mediterranean Sea.[16]

Citations

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  1. ^ "Marine Nationale Dossier d'Information, p. 19" (PDF). Cols Bleus (in French). January 2023. Retrieved 4 March 2023.
  2. ^ "Marine Nationale Dossier d'Information, p. 19" (PDF). Cols Bleus (in French). January 2023. Retrieved 4 March 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d Netmarine.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Wertheim 2013, p. 214.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i Saunders 2009, p. 265.
  6. ^ a b c Couhat 1986, p. 135.
  7. ^ "CTM 1". Netmarine. 1998. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  8. ^ "CTM 2". Netmarine. 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  9. ^ "CTM 3". Netmarine. 1998. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  10. ^ "CTM 4". Netmarine. 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  11. ^ a b "CTM 5". Netmarine. 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  12. ^ "CTM 6". Netmarine. 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  13. ^ "CTM 7". Netmarine. 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  14. ^ "CTM 8". Netmarine. 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  15. ^ "CTM 9". Netmarine. 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  16. ^ "CTM 10". Netmarine. 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  17. ^ "CTM 11". Netmarine. 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  18. ^ "CTM 12". Netmarine. 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  19. ^ "CTM 13". Netmarine. 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  20. ^ "CTM 14". Netmarine. 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  21. ^ "CTM 15". Netmarine. 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  22. ^ "CTM 16". Netmarine. 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  23. ^ a b Groizeleau, Vincent (5 January 2012). "Les Chiliens prennent en main l'ex-CDIC Rapière" [The Chileans take charge of the former CDIC Rapière]. meretmarine.com (in French). Retrieved 6 January 2019.
  24. ^ a b "La Armada de Chile decreta cuarentena en el Sargento Aldea por casos de Covid-19". infodefensa.com (in Spanish). 18 December 2020. Archived from the original on 29 October 2021. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
  25. ^ a b "Buque LSDH "Sargento Aldea" arribó a Valparaíso". Mundo Maritimo (in Spanish). 12 March 2012. Archived from the original on 20 September 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2021.
  26. ^ "Armement : CTM NG : Le nouveau chaland de débarquement de DCNS". Association de Soutien à l'Armée Française (in French). 22 January 2015. Archived from the original on 9 August 2016. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
  27. ^ Groizeleau, Vincent (20 January 2015). "CTM NG : Le nouveau chaland de débarquement de DCNS". Mer et Marine (in French). Archived from the original on 21 January 2015. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
  28. ^ "Les 14 futurs "engins de débarquement amphibie standard" seront fabriqués à Saint-Malo pour la CNIM". Ouest France (in French). 22 January 2019. Archived from the original on 23 January 2019. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  29. ^ Lagneau, Laurent (1 February 2019). "La Marine nationale recevra 14 nouveaux engins de débarquement amphibie". Zone Militaire (in French). Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  30. ^ "French Navy receives two EDA-S Amphibious Standard Landing Crafts".
  31. ^ "First Two EDA-S Next Gen Amphibious Landing Craft Delivered to French DGA". 25 November 2021.
  32. ^ Groizeleau, Vincent (1 March 2023). "Flottille amphibie : deux nouveaux EDA-S attendus à Toulon d'ici l'été". Mer et Marine (in French). Retrieved 1 March 2023.
  33. ^ Toremans, Guy (17 November 2021). "French Navy EDA-S landing craft successfully conclude end-user evaluations". Janes. Archived from the original on 17 November 2021. Retrieved 27 November 2021.

References

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  • Couhat, Jean Labayle, ed. (1986). Combat Fleets of the World 1986/87. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-85368-860-5.
  • "Les Chalands de transport de matériel (CTM)". Netmarine (in French). 2008. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  • Saunders, Stephen, ed. (2009). Jane's Fighting Ships 2009–2010 (112th ed.). Alexandria, Virginia: Jane's Information Group Inc. ISBN 978-0-7106-2888-6.
  • Wertheim, Eric, ed. (2013). The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World (16th ed.). Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 9-7-815911-4954-5.
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